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Bhagavad Gita Chapter 4, Verse 28

Knowledge and the Renunciation of Action

द्रव्ययज्ञास्तपोयज्ञा योगयज्ञास्तथापरे। स्वाध्यायज्ञानयज्ञाश्च यतयः संशितव्रताः

dravya-yajñās tapo-yajñā yoga-yajñās tathāpare swādhyāya-jñāna-yajñāśh cha yatayaḥ sanśhita-vratāḥ

What does Bhagavad Gita 4.28 mean?

Some offer material possessions as sacrifice, some offer austerity as sacrifice, and some offer yoga as sacrifice; while others, ascetics of strict vows, offer the study of scriptures and knowledge as sacrifice.

Word-by-word meaning

dravya-yajñāḥ—offering one’s own wealth as sacrifice · tapaḥ-yajñāḥ—offering severe austerities as sacrifice · yoga-yajñāḥ—performance of eight-fold path of yogic practices as sacrifice · tathā—thus · apare—others · swādhyāya—cultivating knowledge by studying the scriptures · jñāna-yajñāḥ—those offer cultivation of transcendental knowledge as sacrifice · cha—also · yatayaḥ—these ascetics · sanśhita-vratāḥ—observing strict vows

dutysoulwisdommeditationrenunciationactionstrengthsacrifice

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